Method of constructing fiber shipping cases



H. R. BLISS.

METHOD, OF CONSTRUCTING FIBER SHIPPING CASES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 24, 192

6 SHEETS- SHEET l.

H. R. BLISS. METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING FIBER SHIPPING CASES.

' APPLPCATION FILED SEPT. 24, 192!- 1,430,151.

H. R. BLISS.

METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING FIBER SHIPPING CASES.

' APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 24, 1921.

1,430,151, PatentdSept. 26,1922.

GSHEETSQSHEET a.

776/52/2 F557 dis.

H. R. BLISS.

METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING FIBER SHIPPING CASES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 24, I92!- Patented Sept. 26, 1922..

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6 SHEETS- mamm.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 24, I921.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HERBERT R. BLISS, F NIAGARA. FALLS, NEW YORK.

METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING FIBER SHIPPING GASES.

Application filed' September 24, 1921. Serial No. 502,967.

To all whom it may concern: This makes the operation a relatively easy 65 Be it known that I, HERBERT R. Brass, a one and an effective one, as -will presently citizen of the United States, residing at be shown.

Niagara Falls, in the county of-Niagara and It has been thought advisable to illustrate State of New York, have invented certain this method in connection with the machine new and useful Improvements in Methods of upon which it is performed, although it 60 Constructing Fiber 'Shippitng Cases, of will be understood that the method itself is which the following is a specification. independent of the function of the machine This invention relates to a method of conand that the machine is claimed in a costructing a shipping case and particularly a pendlng application.

fiber shipping case. The most common fiber In the drawings, 5 shipping case used is the socalled slotted F g. 1 i s a plan view of the machine. shipping case, which is one made of a single Flg. 2 IS a front elevation of the machine. blank with relatively large flaps on the end fragmentary in character.

and side walls of the blank. These large 3 is a side elevation of the machine.

flaps form four wings at the top and bottom Fig. 4 is a pers ective of the blanks showof the case but they are ordinarily wide mg the first doub e stitching operation. enough so that the outer pair of flaps when; Flg. 5 is a sectional detail taken on the folded down overlap although in some cases -l1I1c 5-5 of .Fig. 4.

20 they only meet. This construction of a fiber F 1g. 6 ma perspective of the second stitchshipping case requires considerable material mg operation. as the inner flaps are usually comparatively 1g. 7 is a perspective of the third stitchwide, -in fact, they are .just as wide as the lng operation. outer pair of flaps. The inner flaps come Flg. 8 is a cross section of the finished box 25 near to meeting. Their approximation of with the stitches numbered. This enumermeeting each other depends altogether upon atlon of the stitches is the preferred order so the length of the case as compared with the ln which they are taken. width. The longer the case compared with Fig. 9 is a plan view of the blank showing the width the less near meeting the end wall the order in which the stitches are taken in so fl come, the preferred specific method.

It is the object of the present invention to Figs. 10 and 11 are plan views of the end afford a method of constructing a fiber shipblank showing alternative orders in which ping case which permits the use of blanks the stitches can be taken. which materially lessen the fiber board area Referring to Fig. 2, the numerals 1 and 2 5 required to make the box and thereby redesignate wire stitching heads. These wire sults in a large saving in material where the stitching machines are now commonly used shippers requirements runs into thousands in connection with constructing fiber shipof boxes aday. plng cases and it will be unnecessary to The essence of the method is the simulshow the details of the stitching head or ex 50 taneous stitching of the end walls on both plain these. Suffice it to say that they are ends. thereby very materially lessening the adaptedv to use a continuous length of flat 96 labor cost of constructing the shipping case. opper Wire, cut this into suitable short This makes possible the realization in the lengths and drive the same down through ultimate cost of the box of the full saving several layers of fiber board and clinch the Ab resulting from the less material used. Were same on a suitable anvil to form a wire it necessary'to separately stitch on the ends stitch or staple. Projecting rearwardly 100 of the box the saving in material would from the stitching head is an arm a. to probably be substantially offset by the inwhich is attached \a long narrow anvil b creased cost in labor in stitching the ends that reaches forward and is provided with 50 upon the box. a clinching portion 0 immediately below the Not only does the broad process comprise stitching head. This anvil may be adjusted the simultaneous setting of stitches at opslightly by the set screw d that causes the posite ends of the'box but also the method of anvil to swing on the ivotal point'e. 1 I v feeding the box blanks to the stitching heads. These stitching hea s face each other and are spaced apart from each other nearly the length of the box. When the length of the box varies the pedestals f may be moved toward and from each other by loosening the bolts g. These stitching heads are simultaneously operated by power derived from the electric motor M which operates through the transmission h and the tele scoping transmission shaft 1', the gears (not shown) in the transmission case 9', connected with the opposite stitching head 1.

At the rear of the machine is a large edestal k which supports a pair of channel bars m. These support blocks on which are journaled the rollers n. These rollers 12. fit into the channelled bars 0 that form the frame of a sliding table This sliding table ;0 is provided at the f i'ont with a pair of angle plates g that are overlapped and slotted at the front as at r to permit their being adjusted in toward each other or away from each other to accomodate them to boxes of varying lengths. These angle plates constitute sort of an adjustable form to t into the inside of the blank as it is in the process of being made up. These folrm plates are connected together at their sides y the telescoping rods and sleeves s and t respectively that are hung from the channel frame bars 0 by means of the hangers u. The sleeves t can be adjusted along the hangers by releasing the set screws '0. Supported on the rods and sleeves by stems w are a pair of plates an intended simply as a supporting surface for supporting the body blank of the shipping case that lies on top of it in a manner shortly to be described.

The channel bars 0 of the table frame are connected together at the rear by the cross strip The long pull springs z are attached at one end to this cross bar and run forward and are connected with the stationar bars m that form the support for the rollers 11. The channel bars 0, the form or angle plates. and the sup orting plates m constitute a s iding table w ich can be slid forward and backward on the channel bars 0 and the supporting rollers 9?. against the tension of the spring .2.

Now there is also supported above this table a pair of angle or guide bars 23 and 24. These are supported upon the rod-like elbows 25 which are adjustable through the brackets 26 secured to the under side of the channel bars m. These angle bars extend forward about as far as the rear of the arms '"ai'Sec'ured to their forward ends are a pair of diverging guide strips 27. These guide bars 23 and 24 in conjunction with the channel bars m form a skeleton-like stationary table on which the blanks for the machine operator may be arranged by his assistant.

Now referrin in particular to Fig. 4, just i the character 0 body blank will be seen. It

comprises simply a rectangular strip provided with scored lines which form the bottom 28, the side walls 29 and 30 and the sealing flaps 32 and 33. The two end blanks comprlse each a square or rectangular piece of board with scored lines to form four shallow flaps 34, 35, 36 and 37. Fig. 9 shows these end blanks ver nicely. One end blank is provided with a ouble flap 34 for aiding in the sealing operation, which is no part of the present invention, @which is confined solely to the construction of'the'box.

The operators assistant gathers the body blank and two end blanks onto the stationary skeleton frame-work at the rear of the machine. The body blank lies on the skeleton work between the two side guide bars and the two 'end blanks lay loosely on'top of it. He shoves these forward to the machine operator and over the sliding table, which is now at the forward end of its movement. The operator fits the main body blank on to the table, he grasps one of the end blanks in each hand and holds them with the flaps 35 turned over and fitted onto the side wall of the body blank, as shown in Fig. 4. This he can do nicely with the aid of the table which has the form plates and the supporting plates :10. Note that t e anvil b lies between these two sets of plates.

Now in the specific method, which I prefer to follow, the operator takes first the stitch 1 (see Fig. 4). This serves to fasten the end blanks to the body blank. Then the table is pushed to the rear, carrying with it the blanks until nearly the opposite end of the shallow flap 35 is reached. Thereupon the machine clutch (not shown) is operated to cause the stitch 2 to be taken. Now all that is necessary to take the remaining stitches 3, 4, 5 and 6 is to let the table itself return, being pulled back by the springs 2. Every time the machine operates to drive a stitch this stops the table for the table cannot move while the stitches are being driven in. This specific method has the advantage that the first stitch is driven in to fasten and locate the parts together; thereupon the whole table is given one long throw forward and allowed to return solely by the spring power. This is a very much easier operation for the operator than to attempt to push it rearward between each set of stitches.

Right here it will not be out of the way to explain why it is necessary that the two stitchin heads act synchronously. It is the gra bing of the blank by the stitching heads when the driver comes down to drive the staple that stops the movement of the blank. Now if one head took effect before the other obviously the blank would continue to travel on one side and would become cooked or awry and the operation a hopeless one. When the stitching heads are synchronously driven by a positive transmission the table and the blanks backwards, taking the stitches 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 as the spring is allowed to return the table and blanks toward the operator. The same operation is repeated when the shallow flaps 37 are folded up on the side 30 and the stitches 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18 are taken in precisely the same manner.

Figs, 10 and 11 illustrate alternative forms. In the order of. the stitching shown in Fig. 10 the stitch 1 is taken the same as in the preferred order already described. However, the following stitches are taken by simply pushingthe blank in against the tension of the spring. This, however, is more difficult and not as satisfactory a method as that described as the preferred form. In the order of stitching shown in Fig. 11, the blank is first pushed in together with the table and the stitch 1 taken and the following stitches taken in their regular order. This method has the disadvantage that it is awkward. In the preferred order of stitching by placing the first stitch at the rear end of the blank it is much easier to handle the blanks. I have described these several methods as being modified specific processes which belong to the general process which is intended to be claimed in this application.

In the claims the terms fiber shipping case, wire stitching, etc., are used. It will be understood that these are words of description and not limitation, as there are obvious equivalents, such as corrugated board for fiber and rivets for wire stitches. It will also be understood that the flaps on the and blanks can be turned under the side walls instead of over and still come within my claims, which specify the overlapping of the .flaps in order to make the matter definite but with no intention of eliminating equivalent methods.

The term simultaneously is used in the claims in the sense of substantially simultaneously.

What I claim is:

1. The method of constructing a fiber shipping case out of a scored body blank and end'blanks with fiaps,which consists in holding the ends blanks so that each end blank has one flap overlapping the oposite ends of the same wall of the body lank, simultaneously stitching such flaps to the wall of the body blank, second, folding the body blank and end blanks to bring another pair of flaps of the end blanks in overlapped relation at the opposite end of the succeeding wall of the scored body blank andsimultaneously stitching said two flaps to such wall, and third, folding the body blank and the end blanks to bring a third pair of flaps of the end walls in overlapped relation to the third succeeding wall of the body blank and simultaneously stitching the said pair of flaps to such third wall of the body blank,

2. The method of constructing a shipping case, which comprises the cutting and scoring of a blank to form at opposite ends the cover flaps and three intervening walls constituting the two side walls and the bottom,

cutting and scoring two separate blanks to form end walls, each provided with flaps on the various sides of the end wall blank, the securing of the end blanks to the body blank by stitching one flap of each end blank to the opposite-ends of the same wall of the body blank and then folding the body blank and the end blanks and stitching the succeeding set of flaps of the end blanks to the opposite ends of the succeeding wall of the body blank and then folding the body blank and the end blanks and stitching the succeeding set, of end blank flaps to the opposite ends of the succeeding wall of the body blank.

- 3. The method of constructing a shipping case, comprising the cutting of a body blank and the scoring of the same to form at opposite ends the cover flaps and three intervening Walls, the cutting and scoring of two separate end blanks to form the end walls anda plurality of flaps on the various sides of the ends, and the stitching of the end blanks to the body blank by setting one set of end flaps at opposite ends of the same wall of the body blank and simultaneously stitching them thereto, the folding of the succeeding set of end flaps and the body blank to bring such suceeding set of end flaps into overlapped relation at opposite ends of the succeeding wall of the body blank, and the simultaneous stitching of said flaps to the body blank, and third, the folding of the body blank and the end blanks to bring the succeeding set of end flaps in overlapped relation at opposite ends of the succeeding wall of the body blank to simultaneously stitch them thereto to complete the case.

4. The method of constructing a shipping case which comprises the cutting and scoring of a blank to form at opposite ends cover flaps with intervening side walls and a bottom wall, the cutting and scoring of separate end blanks to form the end wall and relativel shallow flaps on four sides of the end, and the uniting of the end blanks and the body blank and matching the corresponding flaps of the two and blanks to opposite ends of one of the side walls and stitching them to such side walls by simultaneously driven stitches, then matching the succeeding set of corresponding shallow flaps to the bottom wall and uniting the same thereto by simultaneously driven stitches, and thirdly, uniting the succeeding set of corresponding flaps to the second side wall by simultaneously driven stitches.

The method of constructing a fiber shipping case. which consists in cutting and scoring a blank to provide at opposite ends the two cover flaps with an intervening bottom wall and side walls, the cutting and scoring of two separate end blanks to form the end body and shallow flaps on the four sides of the end wall. the stitching of the corresponding end flaps of the two end blanks to opposite ends of one side wall of the body blank. then the folding of the body blank and the end blanks and the lapping of the succeeding set of shallow flaps of the end blanks over the bottom wall of the body blank and stitching such flaps thereto, then the folding of the body blank and the end wall blanks to bring the third set of end wall flaps over the second side wall of the body blank and stitching the same thereto to complete the case.

6. The submethod in constructing a fiber shipping case from body blanks scored to provide side and bottom walls and cover flaps, and end blanks provided with shallow flaps on their sides, which consists in folding the corresponding flaps of the two end blanks over the opposite ends of the same wall of the body blank, simultaneously taking two stitches, one through each end wall flap and the body blank at the end of the flaps removed from the operator. then pushing the fastened-together blanks away from the operator and simultaneously stitching the remaining portions of the flaps beginning at the end of the flaps next to the ope-rator and stitching back toward the set of stitches first taken.

7. The submethod in constructing a fiber shipping case of a body blank scored to form three intermediate walls and cover'fiaps at opposite ends of the blank and two separate end blanks provided with shallow flaps at the various sides, which comprises the fitting of the end blanks with a set of corresponding flaps overlapping opposite ends of one of the walls of the body, simultaneously taking a set of stitches at the end of the flaps remote from the operator, then pushing the fastened-together blanks in against the resistance of power tending to force the blanks toward the operator and then simultaneously stitching the remaining portions of the flaps beginning at the end of the flaps next to the operator and allowing the power to push the blanks between the stitching operations toward the operator as the stitches are taken backwards toward the first taken set of stitches.

In testimony whereof I allix my signature.

HERBERT R. BLISS. 

